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Berwick, James Fitzjames, 1st Duke of 1670-1734
French and Jacobite general

He was the illegitimate son of James VII and II. Educated in France as a Catholic, he was created Duke of Berwick (1687), but fled from England at the Glorious Revolution of 1688. He fought in his father's Irish campaign (1689-91), and then in Flanders and against the Camisards. In 1706 he was created a Marshal of France, and in Spain established the throne of Philip V by the decisive victory of Almanza (1707) in the War of the Spanish Succession. Appointed Commander-in-Chief of the French forces (1733), he was killed while besieging Phillippsburg.