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Bonaparte, Louis 1778-1846
King of Holland

Born in Ajaccio, Corsica, he was the son of Charles and Marie Bonaparte, and the brother of Napoleon I. He was a soldier, serving originally in the artillery but later in the cavalry. He married Napoleon's stepdaughter, Hortense de Beauharnais in 1802. After becoming Governor of Paris (1805), he ruled Holland as King Lodewijk I (1806-10) but abdicated because Napoleon had complained that he was too attached to the interests of the Dutch. He became Count of Saint-Leu, settled in Austria, Switzerland, and later in Florence, and mainly pursued literary interests. He was the father of Napoleon III.