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Cleomenes I d.490BC
King of Sparta in the Agiad royal family

He reigned from c.520 to 490BC. He expelled the Pisistratid tyranny from Athens in 510BC (see Pisistratus) and continually tried and failed to bring Athens under Spartan influence. He inflicted a decisive defeat on Sparta's old rival Argos (c.494), but refused to aid Samos (c.517), and in 499 gave no support to the revolt of the Ionian Greeks from Persia. He secured the deposition of his fellow king, Demaratus (491), by bribing the Delphic oracle, but when detected fled from Sparta. According to Herodotus, he committed suicide, though he may have been murdered.