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Ferdinand I 1751-1825
King of the Two Sicilies
He was born in Naples, the third son of Charles III of Spain. When Charles ascended the Spanish throne (1759) he succeeded him as Ferdinand IV of Naples (1759-99, 1799-1806, 1815-16) and as Ferdinand III of Sicily (1759-1816). After his marriage (1768) to Maria Carolina, daughter of Maria Theresa, he fell completely under her influence, and lost his popularity. He joined England and Austria against France (1793), but was forced to make a treaty with Napoleon I (1801). A violation of this treaty compelled him to take refuge in Sicily (1806). The French took possession of Naples, but Ferdinand was reinstated by the Congress of Vienna (1815), and in 1816 united his two states into the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. Despite the demands for a constitutional government, he maintained a harsh absolutism. He was succeeded by his son, Francis I.
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Consult Chambers 21st Century Dictionary, The Chambers Thesaurus (1996) or Chambers Biographical Dictionary (1997 edition with amendments). Enter your search and choose your title from the drop-down menu.
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