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Frederik III 1609-70
King of Denmark and Norway

The son and successor of Kristian IV, he was born at Haderslev. The first half of his reign (1648-70) was taken up with costly wars against Sweden, but after the peace settlement of 1660 he established absolute hereditary monarchy over Denmark, Norway and Iceland, embodied in the Royal Law (Kongelov) of 1665. He was an enlightened patron of scientific and antiquarian studies, and founded the Royal Library in Copenhagen. Under him the bourgeoisie were able to increase its hold over the government and former crown lands.