Perugino, properly Pietro di Cristoforo Vannucci c.1450-1523
Italian painter

Born in Citt� della Pieve in Umbria, he established himself in Perugia (hence the nickname). In Rome, where he went about 1483, Sixtus IV employed him in painting the Sistine Chapel; his fresco Christ Giving the Keys to Peter is the best of those still visible, others being destroyed to make way for Michelangelo's Last Judgement. In Florence (1486-99) he had Raphael for his pupil. In Perugia (1499-1504) he adorned the Hall of the Cambio. After 1500 his art visibly declined. In his second Roman sojourn (1507-12) he also, along with other painters, decorated the Stanze of the Vatican. One of his works there, the Stanza del Incendio, was the only fresco spared when Raphael was commissioned to repaint the walls and ceilings.