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Alembert, Jean le Rond d' 1717-83
French philosopher and mathematician

He was born in Paris and studied law, medicine and mathematics at the Collège Mazarin. In 1743 he published Traité de dynamique, developing the mathematical theory of Newtonian dynamics, including the principle named after him. Later he worked on fluid motion, partial differential equations, the motion of vibrating strings, and celestial mechanics. Until 1758 he was Diderot's principal collaborator on the Encyclopédie, of which he was scientific editor, and wrote the Discours préliminaire, proclaiming the philosophy of the French Enlightenment.

Bibliography: Thomas L Hankins, Jean d'Alembert: Science and Enlightenment (1970)