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Charles X 1757-1836
King of France

Born at Versailles, the grandson of Louis XV, he received the title of Count of Artois. After a dissolute youth, he lived abroad during the French Revolution, returning to France in 1814 as lieutenant-general of the kingdom. In 1824 he succeeded his brother Louis XVIII to become the last Bourbon king of France, but he failed to adapt divine right monarchy to the post-Revolution democratic spirit, and his repressive rule led to the July Revolution (1830), and his eventual abdication and exile.

Bibliography: Vincent W Beach, Charles X of France (1971)