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Henry III 1017-56
King of Germany and Holy Roman Emperor

The son of Conrad II, father of Henry IV, he became King of the Germans (1026), Duke of Bavaria (1027), Duke of Swabia (1038), and emperor (1039). One of the strongest German emperors in the Middle Ages, he encouraged the efforts of the Cluniac monks to reform the ecclesiastical system of Europe. In 1046 he deposed all three rival popes and elected Clement II in their stead. He compelled the Duke of Bohemia to acknowledge himself a vassal of the empire (1042), he established supremacy in Hungary (1044), and also extended his authority over the Norman conquerors of Apulia and Calabria. He promoted learning and the arts, founded numerous monastic schools, and built many churches.