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Juvenal, in full Decimus Junius Juvenalis c.55-c.140AD
Roman lawyer and satirist

He was probably born in Aquinum in the Volscian country. Almost nothing is known of his life except that he lived in Rome, was poor and was a friend of Martial. His 16 brilliant verse satires of Roman life and society (c.100-c.128), written from the viewpoint of an angry Stoic moralist, range from savage attacks on the vices and the extravagance of the ruling classes and the precarious makeshift life of their hangers-on, to his hatred of Jews, foreigners and society women. Dryden's versions of five of Juvenal's satires are amongst the best of his work, and Dr Johnson imitated two in his London and Vanity of Human Wishes.

Bibliography: G Highet, Juvenal the Satirist (1954)