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Ludwig II, also known as Mad King Ludwig 1845-86
King of Bavaria

The son of Maximilian II, he was born at Nymphenburg Palace. He succeeded in 1804 and devoted himself to patronage of Richard Wagner and his music. In 1870 he threw Bavaria on the side of Prussia, and offered the Imperial Crown to Wilhelm I, though he took no part in the war, and lived the life of a morbid recluse. He was almost constantly at odds with his ministers and family, mainly on account of his vast outlays on superfluous palaces, like the fairy-tale Neuschwanstein, and was declared insane (1886). A few days later he was found drowned, with his physician, in the Starnberger Lake, near his castle of Berg. It is not known whether his death was suicide, murder or accidental.