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Zenobia 3rd century AD
Queen of Palmyra

Probably of Arab descent, she married the Bedouin Odaenathus, lord of the city, who was recognized by Gallienus as governor of the East (AD264). On her husband's murder (c.267) she conquered Egypt (269) and much of Asia Minor (270), declaring her son the eastern emperor. Aurelian defeated her in battle, besieged Palmyra, and captured her in 272, taking her to Rome. She blamed the war on her secretary, Longinus; he was beheaded and Palmyra destroyed. Zenobia married a Roman senator, and was presented with large possessions near Tivoli, where, with her two sons, she passed the rest of her life in comfort and splendour. Strikingly beautiful, she governed with prudence, justice, and liberality.